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Friday, February 27, 2009

Karya Tulis Bali

Karya Tulis SMP, SMA ke Bali/ Pulau Dewata
Silahkan Download disini
Karya Tulis Bali

RPP dan Silabus Matematikan Kelas IX

Contoh RPP dan Silabus Matematikan Kelas IX
Download disini

KD 1.1-IX

KD 1.2-IX
KD 2.1-IX
KD 3.1-IX
KD 4.1-IX
KD 5.1
KD 5.1-IX
KD 5.2-IX
KD 6.1-IX
KD 6.2-IX
KD 6.3-IX
KD 6.4-IX
SILABUS IX SMT 1
SILABUS IX SMT 2

Beri Komentar untuk Lebih Baik

Why the Sea is Salt

Why the Sea is Salt

Long ago, there lived two brothers. The older brother was rich and successful, but mean and arrogant. The younger brother was very poor, but kind and generous.

One day the poor brother and his wife found that they had nothing to eat in their house. They had no money either, and nothing that they could sell. To make matters worse, the next day was a holiday, a day of celebration.

'Where are we going to get something to eat? Tomorrow is a holiday. How will we celebrate?' asked the poor brother's wife in tears.

The poor brother was in a fix. He did not know what to do.

'Go to your brother and ask for his help,' suggested the poor man's wife. 'He killed a cow yesterday - I saw him. Surely he will not grudge us a little meat for the holiday?'

The poor man sighed. He did not like to ask his brother for help, for he knew how mean and selfish his brother was. But the next day was a holiday, and he really could not think how else to get something to eat.

So the poor man put on his ragged cloak and walked to his rich brother's house.

'What do you want?' asked the rich brother as soon as he saw the poor man.

'Why do you come here?' cried the rich man's wife. 'Tomorrow is a holiday, and we are busy preparing the feast. Go away, we have no time for you!'

'Brother,' said the poor man, 'We have nothing to eat in the house, no food to celebrate the holiday. Lend me a little meat, so that I and my wife may also celebrate.'

'I knew it!' shrieked the rich man's wife at her husband. 'I knew your brother would come begging one day. Throw him out!'

The poor man ignored his brother's wife. 'Please, brother,' he said, looking at the rich man.

'Oh very well,' grumbled the rich man. 'Take this - and go to Hiysi!' And he threw a cow's hoof at the poor man.

The poor man thanked his brother, and wrapping the cow's hoof in his tattered cloak began walking back to his house. As he walked he thought, 'My brother did not give me the cow's hoof. He has told me to take it to Hiysi. So this piece of meat is not mine to eat, but Hiysi's. I must take it to Hiysi.'

Hiysi the Wood-Goblin lived deep in the forest. So the poor man turned around and started walking towards the forest. The forest was dark and gloomy, but the poor man was determined to deliver the cow's hoof to Hiysi. So he walked and he walked through the trees.

After a while he met some woodcutters.

'Where are you going, so deep in the forest?' asked the woodcutters.

'To Hiysi the Wood-Goblin's,' replied the poor man. 'I have this cow's hoof for him. Can you tell me how to find his hut?'

'Keep walking straight ahead,' said the woodcutters. 'Turn neither left nor right, and soon you will be at Hiysi's hut. But listen carefully. Hiysi loves meat. He will offer you silver and gold and precious stones in gratitude. Don't accept any of those. Ask instead for his millstone. If he tries to offer you something else, refuse. Ask only for his millstone.'

The poor man thanked the woodcutters, and walked on. Very soon he saw a hut. He went inside, and there sat Hiysi, the Wood-Goblin himself.

'Why have you come here?' asked Hiysi.

'I have brought you a gift,' said the poor man. 'A cow's hoof.' And he held out the piece of meat to Hiysi.

'Meat!' cried Hiysi in delight. 'Quick, give it to me! I haven't eaten meat for thirty years!' Hiysi grabbed the hoof and ate it.

'Now I shall give you a gift in return,' said the Wood-Goblin. 'Here, take some silver,' he said, pulling out a handful of silver coins.

'No, I don't want any silver,' said the poor man.

'Gold, then?' offered Hiysi, pulling out two handfuls of gold coins.

'No. I don't want gold either,' said the poor man.

'How about some precious stones?' asked Hiysi. 'Diamonds, rubies, sapphires?'

'No, thank you, I don't want any of those either,' said the poor man.

'Well, what do you want then?' asked Hiysi.

'I want your millstone,' replied the poor man.

'My millstone!' exclaimed Hiysi. 'No, you can't have that. But I can give you anything else you like.'

'That's very kind of you,' said the poor man, 'but I only want your millstone.'

Hiysi did not know what to do. He had eaten the cow's hoof, and could not let the poor man go without a gift in return.

'Oh well,' he said at last. 'I suppose I must let you have my millstone. Take it. But do you know how to use it?'

'No,' said the poor man. 'Tell me.'

'Well,' explained Hiysi, 'this is a magic millstone. It will give you whatever you wish for. Just make your wish and say Grind, my millstone! When you have enough and want the millstone to stop, just say Enough and have done! And it will stop. Now go!'

The poor man thanked Hiysi, and wrapping the magic millstone in his tattered cloak, began walking back towards his home.

He walked and he walked and he walked, and at last reached his home. His wife was weeping, having given him up for dead. 'Where have you been?' she cried. 'I thought I'd never see you again!'

The poor man told his wife the tale of his adventures. Then, setting the magic millstone on to the table, he said, 'Grind, my millstone! Give us a feast fit for a king.'

The millstone began to grind, and there on the table poured the most wonderful dishes ever. The poor man and his wife ate and ate till they could eat no more.

'Enough and have done!' commanded the poor man, and the millstone stopped grinding.

The next day the poor man and his wife celebrated the holiday happily. There was enough to eat, and new clothes to wear. From then on they never lacked for anything. The millstone gave them a fine new house, green fields full of crops, horses and cattle, and enough food to eat and clothes to wear. Soon they had so much that they did not really need to use the millstone any more.

The rich brother heard of the poor man's change of fortune. 'How could my brother have become rich so suddenly?' he wondered. 'I must find out.' So the rich brother went to the poor brother's house.

'How have you become rich so quickly?' he asked.

The poor brother told him everything - about Hiysi and his gift of the magic millstones. 'I must get that millstone for myself,' thought the rich brother. 'Show me the millstone,' he demanded.

The poor brother, not suspecting his brother of any wickedness, did so. He put the millstone on the table and said, 'Grind, my millstone! Give us good things to eat.' At once the millstone began turning and out poured the most delicious pies and cakes and breads on the table.

The rich brother could not believe his eyes. 'Sell me your millstone!' he begged of the poor brother.

'No,' said the poor man. 'The millstone is not for sale.'

'Well then, lend it to me for a bit,' said the rich brother. 'After all, it was I who gave you the cow's hoof to carry to Hiysi!'

The poor brother thought for a bit. What harm could there be in letting his brother have the millstone for a while?

'Very well, you may borrow it for a day,' said the poor man.

The rich brother was delighted. He grabbed the millstone and ran off with it, without asking how to make it stop. He put the millstone into a boat, and rowed out to sea with it, where the fishermen were hauling in their catch of fish.

'The fishermen are salting the fish right now,' he thought. 'They will pay well for fine salt.' He was far out to sea by now, far away from any land. There was no one to hear him as he said 'Grind, my millstone! Give me salt, as much as you can!'

The millstone began to turn and out poured the finest, whitest salt imaginable. Soon the boat was full. The rich man decided to stop the millstone. But he did not know how.

'Stop, my millstone!' he cried. 'Stop grinding. I don't want any more salt.' But the millstone kept turning, pouring out the finest whitest salt.

The rich man begged and pleaded with the millstone to stop. But he did not know the magic words. So the millstone kept turning and pouring out salt and more salt. The rich brother tried to throw the millstone overboard, but he couldn't lift it. The boat was now so full of salt that it began sinking.

'Help!' cried the rich man. But there was no one there to hear him.

The millstone kept turning, pouring out salt, and the boat kept sinking till it sank to the bottom of the sea with the rich man and the millstone.

The rich man drowned for his greed.

But the magic millstone kept turning, even at the bottom of the sea, pouring out the finest whitest salt. It is turning there to this very day, making more and more salt.

And that, believe it or not, is why the sea is salt.

Saturday, February 21, 2009

The Twelve Dancing Princesses

The Twelve Dancing Princesses

There was a king who had twelve beautiful daughters. They slept in twelve beds all in one room and when they went to bed, the doors were shut and locked up. However, every morning their shoes were found to be quite worn through as if they had been danced in all night. Nobody could find out how it happened, or where the princesses had been.
So the king made it known to all the land that if any person could discover the secret and find out where it was that the princesses danced in the night, he would have the one he liked best to take as his wife, and would be king after his death. But whoever tried and did not succeed, after three days and nights, they would be put to death.
A king's son soon came. He was well entertained, and in the evening was taken to the chamber next to the one where the princesses lay in their twelve beds. There he was to sit and watch where they went to dance; and, in order that nothing could happen without him hearing it, the door of his chamber was left open. But the king's son soon fell asleep; and when he awoke in the morning he found that the princesses had all been dancing, for the soles of their shoes were full of holes.
The same thing happened the second and third night and so the king ordered his head to be cut off.
After him came several others; but they all had the same luck, and all lost their lives in the same way.
Now it happened that an old soldier, who had been wounded in battle and could fight no longer, passed through the country where this king reigned, and as he was travelling through a wood, he met an old woman, who asked him where he was going.
'I hardly know where I am going, or what I had better do,' said the soldier; 'but I think I would like to find out where it is that the princesses dance, and then in time I might be a king.'
'Well,' said the old woman, 'that is not a very hard task: only take care not to drink any of the wine which one of the princesses will bring to you in the evening; and as soon as she leaves you pretend to be fast asleep.'

Then she gave him a cloak, and said, 'As soon as you put that on you will become invisible, and you will then be able to follow the princesses wherever they go.' When the soldier heard all this good advice, he was determined to try his luck, so he went to the king, and said he was willing to undertake the task.
He was as well received as the others had been, and the king ordered fine royal robes to be given him; and when the evening came he was led to the outer chamber.
Just as he was going to lie down, the eldest of the princesses brought him a cup of wine; but the soldier threw it all away secretly, taking care not to drink a drop. Then he laid himself down on his bed, and in a little while began to snore very loudly as if he was fast asleep.
When the twelve princesses heard this they laughed heartily; and the eldest said, 'This fellow too might have done a wiser thing than lose his life in this way!' Then they rose and opened their drawers and boxes, and took out all their fine clothes, and dressed themselves at the mirror, and skipped about as if they were eager to begin dancing.
But the youngest said, 'I don't know why it is, but while you are so happy I feel very uneasy; I am sure some mischance will befall us.'
'You simpleton,' said the eldest, 'you are always afraid; have you forgotten how many kings' sons have already watched in vain? And as for this soldier, even if I had not given him his sleeping draught, he would have slept soundly enough.'
When they were all ready, they went and looked at the soldier; but he snored on, and did not stir hand or foot: so they thought they were quite safe.
Then the eldest went up to her own bed and clapped her hands, and the bed sank into the floor and a trap-door flew open. The soldier saw them going down through the trap-door

one after another, the eldest leading the way; and thinking he had no time to lose, he jumped up, put on the cloak which the old woman had given him, and followed them.
However, in the middle of the stairs he trod on the gown of the youngest princess, and she cried out to her sisters, 'All is not right; someone took hold of my gown.'

'You silly creature!' said the eldest, 'it is nothing but a nail in the wall.'
Down they all went, and at the bottom they found themselves in a most delightful grove of trees; and the leaves were all of silver, and glittered and sparkled beautifully. The soldier wished to take away some token of the place; so he broke off a little branch, and there came a loud noise from the tree. Then the youngest daughter said again, 'I am sure all is not right -- did not you hear that noise? That never happened before.'
But the eldest said, 'It is only our princes, who are shouting for joy at our approach.'
They came to another grove of trees, where all the leaves were of gold; and afterwards to a third, where the leaves were all glittering diamonds. And the soldier broke a branch from each; and every time there was a loud noise, which made the youngest sister tremble with fear. But the eldest still said it was only the princes, who were crying for joy.
They went on till they came to a great lake; and at the side of the lake there lay twelve little boats with twelve handsome princes in them, who seemed to be waiting there for the princesses.
One of the princesses went into each boat, and the soldier stepped into the same boat as the youngest. As they were rowing over the lake, the prince who was in the boat with the youngest princess and the soldier said, 'I do not know why it is, but though I am rowing with all my might we do not get on so fast as usual, and I am quite tired: the boat seems very heavy today.'
'It is only the heat of the weather,' said the princess, 'I am very warm, too.'
On the other side of the lake stood a fine, illuminated castle from which came the merry music of horns and trumpets. There they all landed, and went into the castle, and each prince danced with his princess; and the soldier, who was still invisible, danced with them too. When any of the princesses had a cup of wine set by her, he drank it all up, so that when she put the cup to her mouth it was empty. At this, too, the youngest sister was terribly frightened, but the eldest always silenced her.

They danced on till three o'clock in the morning, and then all their shoes were worn out, so that they were obliged to leave. The princes rowed them back again over the lake (but this time the soldier placed himself in the boat with the eldest princess); and on the opposite shore they took leave of each other, the princesses promising to come again the next night.
When they came to the stairs, the soldier ran on before the princesses, and laid himself down. And as the twelve, tired sisters slowly came up, they heard him snoring in his bed and they said, 'Now all is quite safe'. Then they undressed themselves, put away their fine clothes, pulled off their shoes, and went to bed.
In the morning the soldier said nothing about what had happened, but determined to see more of this strange adventure, and went again on the second and third nights. Everything happened just as before: the princesses danced till their shoes were worn to pieces, and then returned home. On the third night the soldier carried away one of the golden cups as a token of where he had been.
As soon as the time came when he was to declare the secret, he was taken before the king with the three branches and the golden cup; and the twelve princesses stood listening behind the door to hear what he would say.
The king asked him. 'Where do my twelve daughters dance at night?'
The soldier answered, 'With twelve princes in a castle underground.' And then he told the king all that had happened, and showed him the three branches and the golden cup which he had brought with him.
The king called for the princesses, and asked them whether what the soldier said was true and when they saw that they were discovered, and that it was of no use to deny what had happened, they confessed it all.
So the king asked the soldier which of the princesses he would choose for his wife; and

he answered, 'I am not very young, so I will have the eldest.' -- and they were married that very day, and the soldier was chosen to be the king's heir.

Karya tulis Di Yogyakarta

Karya Tulis SMA Ke Yogyakarta


HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN


Karya tulis ini telah diperiksa dan disetujui oleh pembimbing untuk melengkapi sebagian syarat dan tugas Menempuh Ujian Akhir Nasional (UAN) Tahun pelajaran 2008/2009 SMA

pembimbing

HALAMAN PENGESAHAN


Karya tulis ini telah disyahkan Pembimbing dan Kepala Sekolah untuk melengkapi sebagian syarat dan tugas guna menempuh Ujian Akhir Nasional (UAN) SMA

Hari :

Tanggal :


MOTTO

· Hidup adalah anugerah sang pencipta, maka dalam menjalani hidup kita harus berbuat sesuatu yang berguna.

· Mutiara yang paling berharga adalah wanita yang dapat menjaga kehormatannya.

· Kehormatan adalah ibarat sebuah pulau yang sangat curam tanpa tebing, sekali jatuh tak dapatlah menaikinya.

· Studyku adalah masa depanku, akhiratku kebahagiaan adalah impianku.

· Dengan seni hidup jadi lebih indah dengan ilmu hidup jadi lebih mudah dengan iman hidup jadi terarah

· Kejujuran dan kerja keras merupakan unsur yang baik bagi kepribadian pribadi tanpa diarahkan dan dikemukakan oleh tujuan hidup jelas tidak membuat seseorang maju


PERSEMBAHAN

Karya tulis yang penulis buat, penulis persembahkan kepada :

· Yang tercinta Ayah dan Ibu yang memberikan do’a dan dorongan

· Yang saya hormati Ibu Kepala sekolah SMAN

· Yang saya hormati Bapak/ Ibu guru SMAN yang memberikan dorongan dan bimbingan serta staf SMAN

· Bapak Guru, selaku pembimbing Karya Tulis

· Teman – teman kelas XII IPA 1 dan lainnya, serta adik – adik kelas yang saya sayangi

· Pembaca yang budiman

KATA PENGANTAR

Piji syukur penulis panjatkan kepada Allah SWT, yang telah melimpahkan nikmat, rahmat, taufik dan hidayahnya, sehingga penulis dapat menyusun karya tulis ini dengan baik dan benar. Penulis menyadari tanpa bantuan dari berbagai pihak, karya tulis ini tidak dapat terwujud dengan baik, Oleh sebab itu pada kesempatan ini penulis mengucapkan banyak terima kasih kepada :

  1. Ibu Kepala Sekolah SMAN yang telah memberikan ijin dan kesempatan bagi penulis untuk mengembangkan bakat dan pengetahuan.
  2. Bapak Guru yang telah membimbing, membina, dan mengarahkan sehingga dapat menyelesaikan dengan baik.
  3. Kepada Orang tua saya Bapak dan Ibu saya yang telah memberi dorongan, semangat, do’a dan restunya.
  4. Teman – teman semua yang telah membantu menyusun karya tulis ini
  5. Semua pihak yang membantu menyusun, yang tidak dapat disebutkan satu persatu.

Penulis mengharap saran dan kritik yang bersifat membangun pembaca dan karya tulis ini dapat memberi pengetahuan kepada para pembaca, untuk tertarik menikmati objek wisata di Yogyakarta

BAB I

PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang

Yogyakarta adalah tempat objek wisata yang tidak asing lagi dimata orang ataupun dari berbagai manca Negara. Disitu banyak berbagai tempat – tempat obyek pariwisata yang sangat penting, bersejarah dan mempunyai keunikan tersendiri dengan ciri khasnya masing – masing.

Tempat – tempat obyek pariwisata tersebut salah satunya adalah : “Museum Dirgantara Mandala” obyek wisata tersebut berada di kawasan Yogyakarta, di provinsi Jawa Tengah tepatnya di kawasan pangkalan udara TNI AU Adi Sucipto, kurang lebih 6 Km timur Yogyakarta.

Hal – hal yang melatar belakangi pembuatan karya tulis ini adalah :

  1. Tugas untuk melengkapi sebagian syarat Ujian Akhir Nasional (UAN) SMAN I Gondangrejo.
  2. Penulis ingin mengetahui sejarah Museum pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala.
  3. Penulis ingin mengetahui keindahan Museum pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala secara langsung.
  4. Penulis ingin mengetahui letak Museum pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala.

B. Pembatasan Masalah

Penulis akan menjelaskan pembatasan masalah atau ruang lingkup pembahasan ini. Ruang lingkup pembahasan ini adalah keunggulan dan kelebihan obyek wisata Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala di Yogyakarta, serta hubungannya dengan dunia pendidikan.

Yang dimaksud dengan keindahan dan keunikan obyek wisata ini ada hubungannya dengan dunia pendidikan adalah tentang ciri khas dan kesan – kesan yang dapat memberikan manfaat atau menambah banyak wawasan dan pengetahuan.

Dengan demikian penulis banyak mengambil manfaat dan mengetahui yang sesungguhnya apa yang tersimpan dari obyek wisata tersebut.

C. Rumusan Masalah

Penulis akan menjelaskan keunggulan dan kelebihan obyek wisata di Yogyakarta khususnya TNI AU Dirgantara dan bagaimana bila dihubungkan dengan dunia pendidikan. Hubungannya dengan dunia pendidikan Museum Dirgantara ini merupakan pusat/ tempat yang memuat semua kegiatan dan peristiwa bersejarah dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan TNI AU.

Penulis dapat mengetahui dengan banyaknya koleksi para TNI yang sedang bertempur dalam melawan penjajah. Museum Dirgantara ini juga memuat banyakpesawat atau prasarana yang digunakan TNI dalam bertempur. Berbagai model pesawat dengan merk dan kode yang berbeda – beda serta penggunaannya yang berbeda – beda pula.

Keunikan dari Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala adalah memiliki pesawat – pesawat yang berasal Negara – Negara timur dan barat, yang museum – museum Negara lain tidak memiliki keunikan ini.

D. Tujuan dan Manfaat Penelitian

Tujuan dan manfaat penulis mengadakan ke tempat obyek wisata Museum Dirgantara Mandala adalah :

  1. Penulis dapat menjelaskan dan menguraikan dari keindahan dan keunikan obyek wisata tersebut.
  2. Penulis dapat menjelaskan tentang pengaruh dan manfaat dari obyek wisata tersebut dengan dunia pendidikan.
  3. Penulis dapat menjelaskan tentang apa yang sebenarnya tersimpan dalam obyek wisata tersebut.
  4. Menambah wawasan atau pengetahuan yang luas khususnya bagi penulis sendiri dan umum bagi para pembaca yang budiman.
  5. Penulis dapat belajar dan mengasah otak dari apa yang kita lihat, kita dengar, dan kita baca untuk menimbulkan suatu gagasan atau ide dalam menciptakan/ mengembangkan suatu bakat/ kemampuan seseorang.
  6. Penulis dapat mengenang peristiwa – peristiwa dahulu dan mengajak kita untuk berfikir lebih luas dalam mengatasi dan memperbaikinya.

Demikian, tujuan dan manfaat yang dapat disebutkan oleh penulis.

E. Sistematika Karya Tulis

BAB I PENDAHULUAN

A. Latar Belakang Masalah

B. Pembahasan Masalah

C. Rumusan Masalah

D. Tujuan dan manfaat

E. Sistematika karya tulis

BAB II LANDASAN TEORI

A. Pariwisata

B. Pendidikan

C. Arti Penelitian menurut pakar

BAB III PEMBAHASAN ISI

A. Metodologi

A.1. Tempat dan waktu penelitian

A.2. Sumber Daya, Populasi dan sample

A.3. Teknik Pengumpulan Data

A.4. Teknik Analisis Data

B. Pembahasan

B.1. Sejarah Singkat Museum Pusat TNI AU

Dirgantara Mandala

B.2. Koleksi Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala ]

a. Ruang Utama

b. Ruang Kronologis I

c. Ruang Kronologis II

d. Ruang Aiutsista

e. Ruang Paskas AU

C. Pengaruh Museum Pusat TNI Dirgantara Mandala terhadap dunia pendidikan

BAB IV PENUTUP

A. Kesimpulan

B. Saran

BAB II

LANDASAN TEORI

A. Pariwisata

v Pengertian Pariwisata

Adalah kegiatan perjalanan dengan tujuan mendapatkan kenikmatan, mencari kepuasan, ingin mengetahui sesuatu karena alasan kesehatan, berolahraga, dan kegiatan ataupun perjalanan lainnya yang tujuannya tidak untuk mencari uang.

B. Pendidikan

v Pengertian Pendidikan

Adalah daya upaya untuk memajukan perkembangan budi pekerti, pikiran dan jasmani anak – anak agar mereka sebagai manusia dan anggota masyarakat dapat mencapai keselamatan dan kebahagiaan setinggi – tingginya.

C. Arti Penelitian Menurut Beberapa Pakar.

v Whrtney

Penelitian adalah metode untuk menemukan kebenaran ilmiah melalui penyelidikan yang sungguh – sungguh dalam waktu yang lama.

v Willway

Penelitian adalah metode belajar yang dilakukan seseorang melalui penyelidikan yang hati – hati terhadap suatu masalah sehingga diperoleh pemecahan yang tepat.

BAB III

PEMBAHASAN ISI

A. Metodologi

A.1. Tempat dan waktu penelitian

Tempat dan waktu penelitian yang dijadikan dasar bagi penulisan untuk menyusun karya tulis ini adalah bertempat di Museum TNI Pusat AU Dirgantara Mandala Yogyakarta, Jawa Tengah.

Adapun pelaksanaan atau waktu penelitian adalah hari Sabtu tanggal 2 Agustus 2008 yang diikuti kurang lebih 66 siswa-siswi dan Bapak guru.

Penulis dan rombongan berangkat pada pukul 07.00 dari sekolah dan pulang dari tempat tujuan 19.00, sampai di sekolah pukul 21.00.

A.2. Sumber Daya, Populasi dan sample

Sumber data yang diperoleh oleh penulis adalah dari buku panduan yang disediakan objek wisata tersebut dan dari apa yang kita ketahui, kita baca, dan kita dengar dari pemandu. Penulis dapat menikmati apa yang dilihat atau sajikan oleh Museum tersebut dengan berbagai populasi atau pengelompokan ruang-ruang tertentu yang memuat koleksi tersendiri.

A.3. Teknik Pengumpulan Data

Teknik pengumpulan data dalam menyusun karya tulis ini adalah dari berbagai sumber yang kita peroleh, yaitu dari buku panduan objek wisata, dan dari penjelasan pemandu wisata yang penulis dengar.

A.4. Teknik Analisis Data

Teknik atau cara penganalisaan data yang kita peroleh adalah setelah terkumpul menjadi data. Penulis satu padukan, dipilah-pilah yang terbaik kemudian kita susun berdasarkan sistematika penulisan dan program yang telah kita laksanakan, serta melalui pengarahan dari pembimbing.

B. Pembahasan

B.1. Sejarah Singkat Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala

Dibawah ini merupakan hal yang mendorong didirikannya museum ini :

a. Semua kegiatan dan peristiwa bersejarah dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan TNI AU serta semua pengorbanan para pendahulu, pejuang dan para pahlawan udara dalam membina dan merintis Angkatan Udara RI / ABRI khususnya, serta mempertahankan dan menegakkan kemerdekaan Negara dan Bangsa Indonesia perlu dilestarikan.

b. Dalam rangka pewarisan nilai-nilai 45 yakni bahwa pengabdian dan pendokumentasi tersebut perlu direalisasikan dalam bentuk visualisasi bukti sejarah agar dapat diketahui, diterima, dihayati, dan diamalkan oleh generasi penerus.

Adapun dasar pertimbangan penelitian lokasi museum berada di kawasan Yogyakarta adalah sebagai berikut ;

a. Pada peristiwa 1945 – 1949 Yogyakarta memegang peranan yang penting sebagai tempat lahir dan pusat perjuangan TNI Angkatan Udara.

b. Yogyakarta adalah tempat penggodokan Taruna-taruna Angkatan Udara Calon Perwira TNI AU.

c. Perlu pemupukan semangat minat dirgantara, nilai-nilai 45 dan tradisi juang TNI AU dengan mengacu pada semangat Neguwo

Atas dasar pertimbangan tersebut, maka Kepala Staf TNI Angkatan Udara mengeluarkan No. Kep/II/IV 1978 tanggal 17 April 1978 menetapkan bahwa museum pusat ABRI yang semula berkedudukan yang di Yogyakarta dipindah ke Yogyakarta, di intregfasikan dengan museum pendidikan / Karbol menjadi Museum Pusat TNI AU dengan memanfaatkan gedung Link Trainer di kawasan Kesatrian AKABRI Bagian Udara.

B.2. Koleksi Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala.

Koleksi Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala digelar sesuai dengan kronologi atau urutan peristiwa sejarah TNI AU. Adapun peristiwea memilki bukti berupa gambara divisualisasikan dalam bentuk dirama yang bersifat imajiner.

B.2.1 Ruang Utama

1. Patung empat pahlawan Nasional peristis TNI AU

· Marsekal Muda TNI Anumarta Agustinus Adisutjipto

· Marsekal Muda TNI Anumarta Prof. Dr. Abdurrahman Shaleh.

· Marsekal Muda TNI Anumarta Abdul Halim Perdana Kusuma.

· Marsekal Pertama TNI Anumerta Iswahyudi

2. Beberapa foto mantan pemimpin TNI AU :

· Laksamana Udara Suryadi Suryadarma

· (Kepala Staf TNI AU tahun 1946 – 1962

· Laksamana Muda Udara Omar Dani

· (Menteri/panglima AU tahun 1962 – 1965)

· Laksamana Muda Udara Sri Mulyono Herlambang.

· (Menteri/panglima AU tahun 1965 – 1966)

B.2.2 Ruang Kronologi I

Ruang kronologi ini memuat berbagai peristiwa sejarah dengan berbagai bukti gambar dan tertulis :

1). Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia

Pada tanggal 17 Agustus 1945 pukul 10.30 Jawa Jaman Jepang/ Pukul 10.00 WIB, Ir.Soekarno didampingi Drs. Moh. Hatta atas nama Bangsa Indonesia menyatakan Proklamasi Kemerdekaan Indonesia dirumah Jl. Pengangsaan Timur 56 Jakarta. Pada keesokan harinya PPKI dalam sidangnya telah menetapkan UUD dan memilih Presiden dan wakil Presiden

2). TKR – Jawatan Penerbangan

Pada tanggal 23 Agustus 1945 di umumkan berdirinya Badan Keamanan Rakyat (BKR). Tugas Utama BKR udara adalah bersama – sama rakyat merebut dan menguasai pangkalan udara setempat. Kegiatan yang berhasil menunjukkan eksistensi TKR Penerbangan antara lain :

· Penerbangan pertama di alam Indonesia Merdeka

· Sekolah penerbangan pertama di Maguwo

· Latihan terjun paying

3). Pembentukan TNI Angkatan Udara

a. Partisipasi TKR Jawatan dan tugas Internasional (dalam operasi ROPDA)

Tugas tentara sekutu nantinya di Indonesia

· Menerima penyerahan tentara Jepang

· Membebaskan tawanan perang serikat

Dalam kaitannya dengan dua tugas tentara tersebut, pada akhir November 1945 berlangsunglah pertandingan antara RI dengan pihak sekutu.

b. Penetapan TRI Angkatan Udara

Kegiatan – kegiatan TKR Jawatan Penerbangan seperti tersebut dari muka membuktikan adanya upaya peningkatan. Sesuai perkembangan organisasi, TKR menjadi tentara keselamatan rakyat, dan pada tanggal 24 Januari 1946 menjadi tentara Republik Indonesia, maka TKR Jawatan Penerbangan yang telah membangkitkan kepercayaan pemerintah menjadi TNI AU dan selanjutnya dikenal dengan nama AURI.

4). Semangat tekad bangsa Indonesia untuk mewujudkan pesawat terbang sendiri.

Studi dan geografi Indonesai serta dikuatkan oleh suasana perang kemerdekaan yang bercambuk, makin disadari pentingnya sarana perhubungan udara dengan kota lain perlu akan pesawat terbang, baik untuk kelancaran Pemerintahan, perekonomian, maupun pertahanan dan keamanan. Untuk mewujudkan Pesawat terbang, sejak TKR Jawatan Penerbangan ditetapkan sebagai TRI AU di bidang organisasi. Melalui bagian ini bangsa Indonesia dalam hal ini TRI AU berhasil mewujudkan pesawat buatan sendiri, yaitu pesawat layang jenis Zogung (NWG-1) selanjutnya berhasil pula diciptakan atau dibuat pesawat terbang bermesin yang kita kenal dengan registrasi pesawat WEL-1 / RI-X.

5). Replica Pesawat WEL RI-X

Type : Pesawat terbang ringan bermotor tunggal dengan tempat duduk tunggal dan sayap atas

Motor : Harles Davidson 2 silinder model tahun 1928. 15 daya kuda

Ukuran : Panjang sayap 900 meter, panjang badan 5.05 meter, tinggi 2.40 meter dan berat kosong 263 kilogram

Prestasi : Kecepatan jelajah 85 km/jam

Pesawat terbang bermotor ini merupakan pesawat bermotor hasil produksi pertama bangsa Indonesia yang dirancang dan dibuat dalam waktu 5 bulan pada tahun 1948. pembuatan dilakukan oleh biro rencana dan kontruksi markas tinggi AURI. Untuk menyatakan kebenaran hal ini maka dengan dasar desain WEL-1 / RI-X tersebut dibuat lagi replikanya pada tahun 1980 dan diterbangkan dari PU Iswahyudi-Sino-Lanud Adisutjipto kemudian dimusiumkan.

6). Pasukan Garuda Mulya

Dengan dilancarkan Agresi Militer II Belanda 19 Desember 1948 hampir seluruh pangkalan udara jatuh ke tangan Belanda. Anggota pangkalan udara Panasan segera mengatur taktik gerilya dari daerah kecamatan Jumantoro dan Gayamdompo. Pasukan ini terkenal sebagai pasukan garuda mulya yang tergabung dalam pasukan penembakan Senopati 105

7). Stasiun PHB AURI DC-2 di Playen Gunung Kidul

Dalam rangka perjuangan mempertahankan dan menegakkan kemerdekaan stasiun radio AURI DC-2 di desa Banaran Playen Gunung Kidul. Dari stasiun AURI pada Indonesia Airways di Rangoa (Birma). Dalam rangka pelestarian nilai-nilai yang juang terpetik dan peranan stasiun radio AURI DC-2 tersebut dibangunlah Monumen Radio AURI DC-2 di Banaran oleh Yayasan 19 Desember 1940 yang diresmikan oleh Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwono IX pada tanggal 10 Juli 1984.

8). Perintis Jawatan Kesehatan TNI-AU

a. Opsir Udara 1 Doktor Isnawan

b. Laksamana Muda Udara Doktor Suhardi Hardjo Lukito

c. Laksamana Muda Udara Doktor Salamun

B.2.3. Ruang Kronologi II

Pendidikan kader-kader AURI di dalam dan di luar negeri :

a. Sekolah penerbangan lanjut di Andir dan Kalijati

Dalam rangka pembinaan kekuatan udara untuk mengamankan wilayah RI dibutuhkan Sekolah Penerbngan Lanjut (SPL) di pangkalan udara Andir (Bandung). Angkatan ke 1 SPL Primary Training dengan pesawat T-6 / AT-16 Angkatan ke-III SPL adalah kelas terakhir yang diselenggarakan di Andir (Husein Sastranegara), atas pertimbangan histories SPL dipindahkan ke Lanut Adi Sutjipto tahun 1959

b. Pengirim kadet-kadet ke luar negeri

Selain pendidikan SPL di dalam negeri, maka pada tahun 1950 dikirimkan pula 90 kadet untuk mengikuti pendidikan penerbangan pada Taiva Academy of Meronauties di Dekland California. Tahun 1951 para kadet kembali pulang ke Indonesia

Pembentukan skadran TNI AU tahun 1950

a. Skadran 1 (pembom) pesawat B-52 / Mitchel di Halim Perdana Kusuma

b. Skadran 2 (angkut) pesawat C-47 / Dakota di

c. Skadran 3 (tempur) pesawat P-51 / Mustang di

d. Skadran 4 (lantai darat) pesawat Auster di Bogor

e. Skadran 5 (lantai laut) pesawat PBY-5a / Catalina di Halim Perdana Kusuma

f. Skadran 6 (larih) pesawat L-4 / Piper Cup di Husein Sastra Negara

B.2.4. Ruang Alutsista

1. Mitsubisi AG M5 Zero Sen

Negara Asal : Jepang

Jenis : Pemburu Taktis

Buatan tahun : 1938

Panjang sayap : 11 m

Panjang badan : 9,06 m

Berat maxsimum : 2,744 kg

Kecepatan maxsimum : 570 km/jam

Akomodasi : 1 awak pesawat

Sejarah :

1941 : Pertama kali dipergunakan Jepang dalam perang melawan Amerika di Jepang

1942 – 1945 : Dalam perang di Pasifik melawan Sekutu, Zero berpangkalan di daerah Irian Barat

1984 : Diabadikan di Museum Ousat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala.

2. Glider kampret

Negara asal : Indonesia

Panjang badan : 5,45 m

Panjang sayap : 13,36 m

Tinggi : 1,31 m

Berat kosong : 170 kg

Berat dengan isi : 250 kg

Penerbang dan parasut

Cepat jelajah : 60 km/jam

Cepat mendarat : 40 km/jam

3. BT - 13 Valiant

Negara asal : Amerika serikat

Buatan tahun : 1940

Jenis : Pesawat Latih Dasar

Pabrik : Valter Aircraft Inc.

Motor : 450 HP. P dan K R-985-AN-I

Panjang sayap : 12,80 m

Panjang pesawat : 8,87 m

Tinggi pesawat : 3,5 m

Berat kosong : 1,531 kg

Kecepatan maksimum : 293 km/jam

Jarak jelajah : 1.167 km

4. DH – 115 Vampire

Negara asal : Inggris

Jenis : Pesawat Latih Jet

Panjang sayap : 11,6 m

Panjang pesawat :10,5 m

Kecepatan maksimum : 885 km/jam

Tinggi terbang : 12.200 m

Berat kosong : 5.060 kg

Persenjataan : 4 buah cannon 20 mm, dapat di persenjatai pula dengan roket dan 60m

5. Peluru Kendali KS

Negara asal : Uni Soviet

Jenis : Rudal Udara ke darat

Sasaran : Kapal Laut, gedung, Pabrik

Jarak tembak : 70 km – 110 km

Tinggi tembak : 15.000 m dari permukaan laut

Pengendali : Aktif Homing

Motor : Turbo Jet

Berat roket : 3.250 kg

Daerah kerusakan : 3 – 8 km

Sejarah

1962 – 1963 : Operasi Trikora

1963 : Operasi Dwikora

B.2.5. Ruang Paskhas AU

1. Sisa Operasi Trikora

Sisa – sisa gerakan Tjepat (PGT) yang gugur dalam melaksanakan Operasi Trikoram dalam rangka perebutan kembali wilayah Irian Barat kepangkuan Republik Indonesia.

a. Oleh : Penduduk setempat

b. Tanggal : 27 Mei 1992

c. Tempat : Gunung Madagma kecamatan Pasir Kabupaten Fak – Fak Irian Barat.

2. Meriam PSU (Canon)

Negara asal : Swedia

Merk pabrik : Bafors

Kaliber/Tipe : 40 m / 260

Tahun pembuatan : 1962

Berat : 1586

Panjang laras : 2,5 m

Kecepatan tembak : 2742 m

Kecepatan awak : 873 m/detik

C. Pengaruh Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara di Yogyakarta Terhadap Dunia Pendidikan.

Dengan adanya Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala sangat berpengaruh terhadap dunia pendidikan bagi para pelajar diantaranya :

1. Dapat menambah wawasan dan pengetahuan tentang Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala.

2. Menumbuhkan dan meningkatkan jiwa patriotisme

3. Menumbuhkan rasa peduli

4. Banyak memberi pelajaran melalui sejarah

5. Menumbuhkan rasa menghargai hasil karya orang lain.

6. Dapat mengetahui peninggalan – peninggalan bersejarah yang berupa pesawat terbang.

BAB IV

PENUTUP

A. Kesimpulan

Dari uraian diatas penulis dapat menyimpulkan bahwa obyek wisata di Yogyakarta sangat berpengaruh pada dunia pendidikan, yang salah satu obyeknya yaitu Museum Pusat TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala. Museum tersebut banyak memberikan pengetahuan bagi pengunjung karena disitu banyak peristiwa bersejarah, sehingga bisa mengenang dan menambah pengetahuan luas.

B. Saran

1. Mengingat bahwa Yogya merupakan salah satu obyek wisata, maka penulis menyarankan pada pembaca khususnya siswa – siswa SMAN I Gondangrejo untuk berkunjung kesana karena selain obyek wisatanya menarik dan menambah pengetahuan, juga letaknya yang strategis, mudah dijangkau serta biayanya yang murah.

2. Agar lebih meningkatkan informasi tentang keberadaan Museum kepada pelajar sehingga menambah pengetahuan sejarah pada khususnya dan berwawasan dalam kebudayaan Nasional pada Umumnya.

3. Agar lebih meningkatkan informasi keberadaan Museum Dirgantara Mandala kepada khalayak umum terutama pelajar guna menambah pengetahuan sejarah pada khususnya dan kebudayaan Nasional pada umumnya. Selain ini juga himbauan kepada lembaga yang bersangkutan untuk merawat dan melestarikan peninggalan sejarah


DAFTAR PUSTAKA

· Purnomo, Djoko. 1999. Panduan Museum TNI AU Dirgantara Mandala. Yogyakarta : Museum Dirgantara.

· Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia